Electric organ in fishes pdf

Electric organ in fishes pdf
COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR IN WEAKLY ELECTRIC FISHES . 237 . Gnathonemus petersii . FIG. 2. The electric organ discharge of a mormyrid has a species-characteristic waveform
Electric Organ Electric Organ Discharge Electric Fish Weakly Electric Fish Torpedo Electric Organ These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The fishes possess­ing such respiratory organs are capable of liv­ing in water where oxygen concentration is very low. Under this condition these fishes come to the surface of water to gulp in air for transmission to the accessory respiratory organs.
1306 M. E. Arnegard & B. A. Carlson Group hunting in an electric fish Figure 1. Examples of body markings used to identify individuals. Video captures from different nights (rows) are shown for
The knifefishes use a specialized electric organ to generate comparatively stronger electric fields, in the range of millivolts per centimeter, and “see” their world within half a body length by analyzing distortions in these electric fields caused by nearby objects with different impedances than the surrounding water. The electrogenic ability of the electric fishes has enabled the
Read “Electric Organ Discharges and Their Relation to Sex in Mormyrid Fishes, Naturwissenschaften” on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Gallant, J, Deitcher, D.L., Hopkins, C.D. (2012) Differential expression of genes and proteins between electric organ and skeletal muscle in the mormyrid electric fish Brienomyrus brachyistius. Journal of Experimental Biology .

INTRODUCTION The weakly electric knife-fishes (Gymnotoidei) of South-America are nocturnal fish hiding during the day and dispersing widely during night
stationary “zero plane” near the longitudinal midpoint of the electric organ are in phase with each other and are inverted or 180 degrees out of phase with caudal waveforms.
petersii, both fishes increase their mean electric organ discharge (EOD) frequencies. Range and relative proportion of interpulse intervals (Fig. 1) as well as the dis- charge rhythms (Fig. 3a, b) are different from that observed in isolated animals,
Weakly electric fishes. The defining feature of weakly electric fish is that they generate an electric field around their body by discharging a specialized electric organ (EO) and sense perturbations of their self-generated electric field with electroreceptor organs distributed over their skin.
Mormyrids: Substrates for Species-Typical Electric Organ Discharge Waveforms ANDREW H. BASS Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; Laboratoire de Physiologie Nerveuse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif sur Yvette. France 91190 ABSTRACT The organization of electric organs is described for the mormyrid fishes from Africa. The electric

Signal Cloaking by Electric Fish PubMed Central (PMC)

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FUNCTION OF LIGHT & ELECTRIC ORGAN IN FISH

Electric organ discharges Electric organ discharges (EODs) of live fish were recorded in the field immediately after capture, using the methods described in Kramer and Swartz (2010). Recordings were taken in a 37-litre plastic aquarium filled with water from the river from which a fish was collected. Conditions in the aquarium were kept constant throughout the analysis to exclude the
Copeia, 2005(1), pp. 48–60 Nesting and Paternal Care in the Weakly Electric Fish Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) with Descriptions of Larval and Adult Electric Organ
The report “Genomic basis for the convergent evolution of electric organs” (J. R. Gallant et al. , 27 June, p. [1522][1]) is even more interesting when considered in light of the field’s historical context. Attempts to explain electric organ function led to the invention of batteries and thus to
The electric fish to swim equally well forwards or backwards and to hold images have been averaged (RMS) over the electric organ discharge the body in an arc around objects (Bastian, 1986; Toerring and cycle. Belbenoit, 1979) while maintaining rigid control over the electroreceptive surfaces. Presumably, by keeping the detector results from two-dimensional finite-difference and finite- array
tory of species-specific EOD and electric organ character- istics in these fishes and the role of electric communication, if any, in the origin and maintenance of species diversity.
The electric organs of fishes A number of different types of fish are capable of producing appreciable electric currents in the water surrounding them.
Electric organs, found in six groups of fishes (Fig. 1), are structures specialized to generate electric fields in the animals’ external environment. In some the voltages are large enough to stun…


The evolutionary radiations of Neotropical electric fishes (Gymnotiformes) pro- vide unique materials for studies on the evolution of specialized sensory systems and the diversification of animals species in tropical ecosystems (Hopkins and
A specialized electric organ in the weakly electric fish discharges rhythmically to generate a constant electric field. This electric field encapsulates the fish, aiding it in navigation and communication.
Electric fish produce their electrical fields from a specialized structure called an electric organ. This is made up of modified muscle or nerve cells, which became specialized for producing bioelectric fields stronger than those that normal nerves or muscles produce. Typically this organ is located in the tail of the electric fish.
An electric fish is a fish that can make electric fields. [1] [2] Many fish ( sharks , rays , and catfish ) can detect electric fields: they are ‘electroreceptive’. They cannot make electric fields, and are not electric fish.
Economic Importance of Fishes Introduction Types Useful Harmful Fun Economically important Useful Harmful Useful Useful As food Fish oils Skin & leather Meal & manure Fish glue Isinglass Medicine Sport Fancy articles Scientific study 1.As Food Nearly all freshwater & marine edible Since time
temperature influence and social interaction on the frequency of electric organ dis­ charges in rhamphicthys rostratus. f, pimentel-souza (*) n. fernandes-souza (*)
Weakly electric fishes generate low-amplitude electric signals to navigate and to communicate. These capacities have required the coevolution of electric organs for signal production and sensory pathways in the brain for signal detection. Electric signals exhibit a wide range of diversity across the hundreds of species of weakly electric fishes. Some species generate pulse-type signals, in


Order TORPEDINIFORMES – Electric Rays A large electric organ on each side of head but no sting on tail; body not elongate and shark-like but tail is
organ and strong-voltage section of Hunter’s electric organ, this was notthecaseinSachs’electricorganormuscle(tableS2),suggestingthat it plays an important role in the inter mittent strong-voltage discharge.
PDF We present high temporal and spatial resolution maps in 3-dimensions of the electric field vector generated by the weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus. The waveforms and harmonic
Fish use the lateral line sense organ to sense prey and predators, changes in the current and its orientation and they use it to avoid collision in schooling. Coombs et al. have shown [1] that the lateral line sensory organ is necessary for fish to detect their prey and orient towards it.

The electric organ discharges of the gymnotiform fishes I

International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology ISSN: 2639-216X The Biology and Genetics of Electric Organ of Electric Fishes Int J Zoo Animal Biol
FUNCTION OF LIGHT & ELECTRIC ORGAN IN FISH Introduction: Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms and terrestrial invertebrates. Some symbiotic organisms carried within larger organisms produce light. Some fishes produces high voltage of
Five variables of the electric organ discharge (EOD) were studied in 132 freshly caught individuals of Mormyrus kannumefrom the Gibe and Gojeb rivers (the enclosed Omo …
Within the electric organ, net sodium flux in the headward direction polarizes the fish’s head positive relative to the tail (Fig. 2). A bare wire in the water near the fish’s head can be used to detect this positive potential. Displayed on an oscilloscope, this potential is seen as an upward (positive) voltage pulse. If the net flux within the electric organ is in the tailward direction
electric fish, name for various fish that produce electricity by means of organs usually developed from modified muscle tissue. The electric eel (Electrophorus electricus), a South American freshwater knifefish unrelated to the eel eel,
An electric fish is one that generates its own electric field using a specialized electric organ. Such fish are said to be electrogenic . Fish that have the ability to detect electric fields are said to be electroreceptive .
Evolution of Time-Coding Systems in Weakly Electric Fishes Masashi Kawasaki* Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA Weakly electric fishes emit electric organ discharges (EODs) from their tail electric organs and sense feedback signals from their EODs by electroreceptors in the skin. The electric sense is uti-lized for various behaviors
2459 Introduction Brain activity is thought to account for a significant fraction of the whole-animal resting metabolic rate: estimated at 5–7% in fish to
Comparable Ages for the Independent Origins of Electrogenesis in African and South American Weakly Electric Fishes Se´bastien Lavoue´1,2*, Masaki Miya3, Matthew E. Arnegard4, John P. Sullivan5, Carl D. Hopkins6,

TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION ON THE

Two periods of the electric potential (solid lines) and three electric field components, directed rostral, lateral, and dorsal (broken lines) are shown at points on the surface of A. leptorhynchus.
In biology, the electric organ is an organ common to all electric fish used for the purposes of creating an electric field. The electric organ is derived from modified nerve or muscle tissue. [1] The electric discharge from this organ is used for navigation, communication, defense and also sometimes for the incapacitation of prey.
Background: African weakly-electric fishes of the family Mormyridae are able to produce and perceive weak electric signals (typically less than one volt in amplitude) owing to the presence of a specialized, muscle-derived electric organ (EO) in their tail region.
According to this properties, fish with electric organs are conveniently divided into two groups: The small potential produced by weakly electric fish constitute part of an electro-sensory apparatus, which is used to detect nearby objects and to communicate with other fishes.
Bioelectric organ, also called electric organ, system of tissues specialized for the production and use of electrical power in a living organism. Well developed in a wide variety of fishes, both marine and freshwater, indicating an early evolutionary development, bioelectric organs probably
electric organs and electric organ discharges, and (3) the physiological ecology of the electric sense. A major goal of this chapter is to highlight some of the most exciting new developments now being
Mormyrid fish communicate by continuously emitting weak electric organ discharges (EODs; for reviews see [1-6]). Waveform of EODs and rhythm of discharge are both important factors in mormyrid communication. The rhythm of discharge is highly variable, accompanying the moment-to-moment fluctuations of social context (e.g.,

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